Most ecus control everything from electric windows to immobiliser, air con and the engine.
A stand along unit typically bolts on and fully takes over the engine management side of things. These are not to be confused with piggy back devices which are just an interface between the cars ecu and the sensors and the piggy back device sends out it's own singals and lies a bit to the ecu to get more power.
Stand alone managment allows fine tuning of your fuelling, boost and engine timing for a wide range of load conditions.
Setup is a specialst job though, it is not really an off the shelf DIY option. This is an ideal solution for someone who has made extensive modifications to their car or if the car is a pre 2000 model.