DOHC = Double Over Head Cam otherwise known as Twin Cam
SOHC = Single Over Head Cam or Single Cam
8v and 16v refers the the amount of valves in the cylinder head. On a VW a DOHC engine will have 16 valves (16v) and has 4 valves per cylinder. A SOHC will have 8 valves (8v)
The better engine outof the two is suprisingly the 8 valve (I await to be shot down for that) as it is far ore tuneable than the 16 valve. For sure the 16 valve is probablt better as a standard engine but you can't pay with it much.
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